Abstract ♦ The article defines the organizational approach to the worker's safety culture that implies the consideration of the employee as an active subject in his/her work. The organizational approach acts as a complementary to the traditional one. In the center of the latter approach, there are dangerous working conditions and individual and psychological features of the employee, which are injury-causing.
The organizational approach offers the formation of a common worker’s safety culture in the context of organizational culture. An analysis with the use of this approach showed that its basis is the development of safe behavior motivation, which is a part of a wider set of motivational characteristics of the employee. An empirical study conducted in some industrial companies based in St. Petersburg (Russia) found that the significance of safe behavior motivation for all categories of workers and managers is one of the leading characteristics. In accordance with it, the requirements to benchmark organizational conditions are defined. These conditions have a specific character depending on the category of the worker or employee.
It is shown that the development of the employee’s safety culture may be implemented in two main forms — of technology and script. The structural components of these forms are defined. In such a case, the author substantiates the application of a particular style of interaction between the chief and the subordinate in accordance with the level of the employee’s safety culture development and the level of working group’s development. In terms of the formation of safe behavior skills some rules for the construction of a safe situation and other situations that secure safety are laid down.
Keywords: the psychology of safety, the organizational approach, security motivation, secure environment, safe situation, the employee’s safety culture.
Grachev Alexandr Alekseevich, Doctor of Science (psychology), professor of the Social and Ethnic Psychology Department, Moscow University for the Humanities, leading researcher at the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Postal address: 5 Yunosti St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 111395. Tel.: +7 (499) 374-56-11. E-mail: agrat50@mail.ru
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